Hybrid Peace: The Interaction Between Top-Down and Bottom-Up Peace
Mac Ginty, Roger. 2010. Security Dialogue 41, no. 4: 391-412.
This article breaks down the creation of hybrid peace into four primary factors: the compliance powers possessed by liberal peacebuilding actors, the incentivizing powers of the liberal peace (particularly with regards to the dispensation of humanitarian aid), the ability of local actors to coopt or otherwise modify liberal peacebuilding efforts, and the ability of local actors to maintain alternative visualizations of peace (such as traditional forms of mediation or conflict-resolution). It also introduces differing conceptualizations of power between liberal peace, where power is viewed through the lens of material resources needed to capture territory or deliver aid, and communitarian peace, where the ability to forge moral connections within substate groups is a form of power that no externally-imposed intervention could hope to attain.